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来源：彩虹多多计划1765-06-11 17:48

中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

　　中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。

　　2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

　　日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

　　日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

　　事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。

　　因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。

　　日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

　　《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

　　德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

　　日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

　　国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。

　　太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。

　　Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

　　By John Lee

　　(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

　　Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

　　The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

　　On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

　　The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

　　In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

　　Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

　　The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

　　The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

　　The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

　　According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

　　As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

　　However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

　　Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

　　The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

　　If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

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习近平同德国总统施泰因迈尔通电话******

　　新华社北京12月20日电 国家主席习近平20日晚应约同德国总统施泰因迈尔通电话。

　　习近平指出，今年是中德建交50周年，是中德关系中具有重大意义的一年。在中德几代领导人的共同努力下，中德关系总体保持了向前向好的大方向，两国成为全方位战略伙伴。中德关系发展有着深厚民意基础、广泛共同利益和丰富成功经验。只要双方坚持相互尊重、互利共赢，中德关系就一定能够走得正、走得稳、走得远。中方愿同德方一道努力，推动中德关系不断迈上新台阶，开启中德关系未来成功的50年。

　　习近平就下阶段中德关系发展提出三点意见：

　　首先，双方应该坚持正确的基本认知。中德始终是对话的伙伴、发展的伙伴、合作的伙伴、应对全球挑战的伙伴。双方要继续通过对话凝聚和扩大共识，以建设性态度管控分歧，继续充实伙伴关系内涵。

　　第二，中德合作务实开放，这是双方关系应该坚持的最重要特色。过去50年中德贸易额增长了870倍。双方应该珍惜来之不易的合作成果，加强市场、资本、技术优势互补，做大汽车、机械、化工等传统领域合作，挖掘服务贸易、智能制造、数字化等领域合作潜力。中方对在华投资的德国企业一视同仁，希望德方为中国企业在德投资提供公平、透明、非歧视的营商环境。

　　第三，引领中欧关系健康稳定发展，这是中德双方应该共同努力的方向。中方支持欧盟战略自主，希望欧方坚持中欧互为战略伙伴的基本定位，坚持相互尊重、相互包容、务实合作、互利共赢，坚持中欧关系不针对、不依附、也不受制于第三方。希望德方继续发挥积极作用，同中方一道，推动中欧关系行稳致远。

　　习近平强调，中方愿同德方在应对后疫情时期经济复苏乏力、气候变化、粮食危机、能源危机等全球性挑战方面开展更加广泛、深入的合作。

　　施泰因迈尔表示，非常高兴在临近岁末之际同习近平主席通电话，我至今对4年前访华的情景记忆犹新。今年国际形势经历了非同寻常的风云变幻，又恰逢德中建交50周年。50年来，德中关系日益紧密，内涵外延丰富广泛，合作成果非常丰硕，给双方人民带来了福祉。德方坚定奉行一个中国政策。德方愿同中方认真回顾总结过去，规划展望未来，本着相互尊重、开放包容的精神，不断推进德中关系进一步发展。我对未来德中关系光明前景充满信心。德方愿同中方加强交往沟通，适时举行新一轮两国政府磋商，深化各领域务实合作，就地区热点问题保持密切磋商协调，更好应对生物多样性保护、能源危机、粮食危机、维护产业链供应链安全稳定、促进世界经济恢复增长等共同挑战。德方赞赏中方为《生物多样性公约》第十五次缔约方大会成功作出的重要贡献，也愿积极促进欧中关系的发展。

　　双方还就乌克兰危机交换了意见。习近平强调，中方坚持主张劝和促谈，认为危机长期化、复杂化不符合各方利益。中方支持欧方展现战略自主，引领构建均衡、有效、可持续的欧洲安全架构，实现欧洲大陆的持久和平和长治久安。

　　《光明日报》（ 2022年12月21日 01版）

　　（文图：赵筱尘巫邓炎）

[责编：天天中]

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