中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
多措并举着力扩大国内需求****** 作者:任晓刚(北京市习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心研究员) 近日,中共中央、国务院印发《扩大内需战略规划纲要(2022—2035年)》,进一步明确了坚定实施扩大内需战略、培育完整内需体系的发展方向,释放出夯实国内基本盘、打造内需新动力的发展信号,为推动经济发展加速回到正常轨道、实现整体性好转提供了重要抓手。 坚定实施扩大内需战略、培育完整内需体系,是加快构建以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局的必然选择,是促进我国长远发展和长治久安的战略决策。党的二十大报告明确提出,要把实施扩大内需战略同深化供给侧结构性改革有机结合起来,增强国内大循环内生动力和可靠性,提升国际循环质量和水平。当前,多措并举扩大国内需求,具有重大意义。 首先,畅通、拓宽、稳固劳动力收入渠道和路径,提振消费信心、增强消费意愿。通过深化劳动力市场化一体化体制改革,畅通劳动力和专业技术人才社会性流动渠道,能够促进区域间、城乡间、行业间要素流动,并加快完善本地劳动力输出服务保障体系,提高劳动力工资收入水平。同时,要培育新型农业经营主体优势,促进农业适度规模经营、提升农业生产效率,加大对农村劳动力创新创业帮扶力度,增加农村经营性收入。 其次,提高产品和服务质量,推动消费扩量增质。党的二十大后的首个中央经济工作会议指出,要把恢复和扩大消费摆在优先位置。恢复和扩大消费的前提就是要改善消费基础条件。一方面,要提高居民消费基础设施产品和服务供给水平和能力,夯实居民消费基础。通过加大城乡基本公共服务供给,促进城乡基本公共服务均等化。不断加大乡村教育、医疗卫生服务体系、社会保障、社会性基础设施建设支持力度,提高乡村基本公共服务供给保障能力。另一方面,推动传统产业和新兴产业深度融合发展,实现产业链价值链创新链提质换挡,在更好满足消费结构升级需求的同时,推动消费结构、投资结构不断升级。要发挥传统产业规模大、配套齐全、消费带动力强等优势,夯实消费需求主力军地位。同时,深入推进计算机、云计算、大数据、区块链、物联网等新一代信息通信技术向制造业、战略性新兴产业广泛渗透,加快推动制造业企业、高新技术企业及其他企业数字化转型发展,实现制造业、战略性新兴产业智能化、数字化、绿色化发展,着力实现消费与投资的结构升级。 再次,推动供给侧需求侧结构升级,释放巨大国内需求潜力。要把握好新一轮科技革命和产业变革的历史机遇,建立健全关键核心技术攻关新型举国体制,破解“卡脖子”难题,完善基础研究、应用研究的投入体制机制,加快新能源、人工智能、数字技术、绿色低碳、量子计算等前沿技术研发与产业化应用,培育一批面向光伏、新能源汽车、能源循环利用、污染防治等的战略性新兴产业,创造新消费和投资需求,释放巨大国内需求潜力。与此同时,通过发展消费新模式,推动线上线下消费深度融合,满足多样化消费需求。完善有关新能源汽车消费、光伏产业补贴政策,加大新兴产业消费投资力度。加快补齐农村和城市流通体系短板,发展农村电商和物流快递配送,加强农产品仓储保鲜设施建设,畅通工业品下乡、农产品进城渠道,促进产销高效对接。 此外,进一步扩大国内投资规模和强度,持续激发国内经济增长潜力。通过加快实施“十四五”重大工程,发挥基建投资在阶段性稳增长中的重要作用。同时统筹中央、地方政府财力,加大中央转移支付力度、鼓励地方积极筹措资金,实施更加积极高效财政政策和更为灵活便捷货币政策开展基础设施投资,向民生补短板领域项目倾斜,并加强对科技创新、产业链供应链安全、绿色发展、乡村振兴等领域的财政支出倾斜力度。 要实施好以工代赈、政府购买等重要工程项目,以重点工程项目投资吸纳当地群众就业,充分发挥其重要载体作用。一方面,增加政府投资重点工程项目数额,提高政府投资额度,尽可能多地通过实施以工代赈增加有效投资规模。另一方面,围绕新一代信息化基础设施建设、城市更新、乡村振兴等重要领域,充分挖掘相关项目主体投资潜力。在此基础上,通过延续实施扶持制造业、小微企业和个体工商户的减税降费和贷款贴息政策,延续普惠小微企业贷款延期还本付息政策和信用贷款支持计划等措施,鼓励和吸引更多民间资本参与国家重大工程和补短板项目建设,持续推动民营企业高质量发展,保护市场主体、激发市场主体活力。 《光明日报》( 2023年01月12日 02版) (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |